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Discipline in Project
Management by Jenny Mather
Project Management is the discipline
of organising and managing resources. Project management is quite
often the province and responsibility of an individual project
manager.
Project Management is composed
of several different types of activities such as: Planning the
work or objectives, Analysis & Design of objectives and events,
Assessing and controlling risk (or Risk Management), Estimating
resources, Allocation of resources, Organising the work, Acquiring
human and material resources, Assigning tasks, Directing activities,
Controlling project execution, Tracking and Reporting progress,
Analysing the results based on the facts achieved, Defining the
products of the project, Forecasting future trends in the project,
Quality Management, Issues Management, Issues solving, Defect
prevention, Project Closure, Communicating to stakeholders and
Increasing/Decreasing a companies workers.
Project Management tries to gain
control over variables such as risk, risk Potential points
of failure. Most negative risks (or potential failures) can be
overcome or resolved, given enough planning capabilities, time,
and resources. Project Management Systems distinguish themselves
from all of the above in that they track inter-related tasks and
usually provide a mechanism for scheduling and reserving resources,
as well as automatic minimisation of time-lines or costs by re-arranging
schedules.
Projects bring form or function
to ideas or needs and also bring together resources, skills, technology
and ideas to achieve business objectives and deliver business
benefits. Projects can be large or small, planned and tracked
formally or informally, and defined by a legal contract or an
informal agreement. Like any human undertaking, projects need
to be performed and delivered under certain constraints. Most
projects, to be successful, must adequately document objectives
and deliverables. Not all the projects will visit every stage
as projects can be terminated before they reach completion. Some
projects probably don't have the planning and/or the monitoring.
Some projects will go through steps 2, 3 and 4 multiple times.
Using complex models for "projects" (or rather "tasks")
spanning a few weeks has been proven to cause unnecessary costs
and low manoeuverability in several cases.
Businesses sometimes use formal
systems development processes for Project Management. A business
may want the auditing firm to be involved throughout the whole
process to catch problems earlier on so that they can be fixed
more easily. The initiation stage in Project Management should
include a cohesive plan that encompasses the study analysing the
business needs in measurable goals.
Project management becomes a metaphor
for how we can live our lives and, if we follow the wisdom traditions,
the way we live our lives becomes a metaphor for how to manage
projects. Project Management has evolved over the years and enthusiasts
are inclined to attribute Project Management difficulties and
differential skills set among project managers to “not doing
it right”.
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